Ground coverage & land use in Kerala

Ground coverage caps the footprint at ground level, and the land-use structure fixes how the rest of the site is divided between green, roads and amenities.

How much of the plot may the building actually sit on?

The Kerala Municipality Building Rules apply to the area under all Municipalities in the State. Land in a panchayat is governed by the Kerala Panchayat Building Rules instead, which is a separate set of rules with its own figures. Most of Kerala's land area is panchayat, so check which you are in before relying on anything below.

KMBR 2019, Rule 1(2) — and 35 related rules below.

The rules — all 36

These rules cover municipalities — panchayats have their own

verbatim

The Kerala Municipality Building Rules apply to the area under all Municipalities in the State. Land in a panchayat is governed by the Kerala Panchayat Building Rules instead, which is a separate set of rules with its own figures. Most of Kerala's land area is panchayat, so check which you are in before relying on anything below.

KMBR 2019, Rule 1(2)

Coverage and FSI, Residential (A1)

verbatim

65% maximum coverage, FSI 3 without additional fee, and up to FSI 4 on payment of an additional fee of ₹5,000 per square metre of the additional area.

KMBR 2019, Rule 27(2) Table 6, Sr. 1
Ground coverage (%) 65
Base FAR 3
Premium FAR (max) 1

Coverage and FSI, lodging houses and special residential (A2)

verbatim

65% maximum coverage, FSI 2.5 without additional fee, up to 4 on payment.

KMBR 2019, Rule 27(2) Table 6, Sr. 2
Ground coverage (%) 65
Base FAR 2.5
Premium FAR (max) 1.5

Coverage and FSI, other educational (B)

verbatim

50% maximum coverage, FSI 2.5, up to 3 on payment.

KMBR 2019, Rule 27(2) Table 6, Sr. 3 · Educational
Ground coverage (%) 50
Base FAR 2.5
Premium FAR (max) 0.5

Coverage and FSI, medical and hospital (C)

verbatim

50% maximum coverage, FSI 2.5, up to 3.5 on payment.

KMBR 2019, Rule 27(2) Table 6, Sr. 4 · Institutional
Ground coverage (%) 50
Base FAR 2.5
Premium FAR (max) 1

Coverage and FSI, assembly (D)

verbatim

40% maximum coverage and FSI 1.5, the lowest base FSI of any ordinary occupancy, up to 2.5 on payment.

KMBR 2019, Rule 27(2) Table 6, Sr. 5 · Assembly
Ground coverage (%) 40
Base FAR 1.5
Premium FAR (max) 1

Coverage and FSI, office (E)

verbatim

60% maximum coverage, FSI 3, up to 4 on payment.

KMBR 2019, Rule 27(2) Table 6, Sr. 6 · Commercial
Ground coverage (%) 60
Base FAR 3
Premium FAR (max) 1

Coverage and FSI, mercantile and commercial (F)

verbatim

65% maximum coverage, FSI 3, up to 4 on payment.

KMBR 2019, Rule 27(2) Table 6, Sr. 7 · Commercial
Ground coverage (%) 65
Base FAR 3
Premium FAR (max) 1

Coverage and FSI, storage (H)

verbatim

70% maximum coverage — the largest footprint the table allows — with FSI 3, up to 4 on payment.

KMBR 2019, Rule 27(2) Table 6, Sr. 10 · Storage
Ground coverage (%) 70
Base FAR 3
Premium FAR (max) 1

Coverage and FSI, hazardous (I)

verbatim

45% maximum coverage and FSI 1.2, the lowest in the table. No additional-fee FSI is shown.

KMBR 2019, Rule 27(2) Table 6, Sr. 11 · Hazardous
Ground coverage (%) 45
Base FAR 1.2

Coverage and FSI, multiplex complex (J)

verbatim

65% maximum coverage, FSI 3, up to 4 on payment.

KMBR 2019, Rule 27(2) Table 6, Sr. 12 · Commercial
Ground coverage (%) 65
Base FAR 3
Premium FAR (max) 1

Plot area is counted before road widening is deducted

verbatim

For calculating both FSI and coverage, the plot area is the total plot area without deducting land required for any road widening stipulated in a statutory Town Planning Scheme — unless that scheme says otherwise. So a plot losing frontage to a widening still computes its floor area on the original size.

KMBR 2019, Rule 27(1) Note (1)

Panchayat rules — where they apply, and the two categories

verbatim

These rules apply to the area under all Village Panchayats in the State; municipal areas follow the Kerala Municipality Building Rules instead. Panchayats are further categorised by Government notification: a panchayat with significant potential for urbanisation, or special characteristics needing more regulatory intervention, or which is partly or fully covered by a Development Plan sanctioned under the Town Planning Act, is Category I. Everything else is Category II. Category I panchayats get the more generous figures throughout.

KPBR 2019, Rule 1(2) and Rule 4(6)

Panchayat, Category I — coverage and FSI, residential (A1)

verbatim

65% maximum coverage and FSI 3, rising to FSI 4 on payment of an additional fee of ₹5,000 per square metre of the additional area. Identical to the municipal figures for residential.

KPBR 2019, Rule 27 Table 6, Sr. 1
Ground coverage (%) 65
Base FAR 3
Premium FAR (max) 1

Panchayat, Category II — coverage and FSI, residential (A1)

verbatim

60% maximum coverage and FSI 2.5. Five points less footprint and half a point less floor area than a Category I panchayat, for the same house.

KPBR 2019, Rule 27 Table 6, Sr. 1
Ground coverage (%) 60
Base FAR 2.5

Panchayat, Category I — lodging and special residential (A2)

verbatim

65% coverage, FSI 2.5, up to 4 on payment.

KPBR 2019, Rule 27 Table 6, Sr. 2
Ground coverage (%) 65
Base FAR 2.5
Premium FAR (max) 1.5

Panchayat, Category II — lodging and special residential (A2)

verbatim

55% coverage and FSI 1.5, up to 2.25 on payment — the widest gap between the two categories anywhere in the table.

KPBR 2019, Rule 27 Table 6, Sr. 2
Ground coverage (%) 55
Base FAR 1.5
Premium FAR (max) 0.75

Panchayat — educational up to higher secondary (B)

verbatim

35% coverage in both categories — the one occupancy where category makes no difference to the footprint. FSI 2.5 in Category I rising to 3 on payment; FSI 1.5 in Category II rising to 1.75.

KPBR 2019, Rule 27 Table 6, Sr. 3 · Educational
Ground coverage (%) 35
Base FAR 2.5
Premium FAR (max) 0.5

Panchayat — other educational (B)

verbatim

50% coverage in Category I and 45% in Category II. FSI 2.5 rising to 3 in Category I; 1.5 rising to 1.75 in Category II.

KPBR 2019, Rule 27 Table 6, Sr. 3 · Educational
Ground coverage (%) 50
Base FAR 2.5
Premium FAR (max) 0.5

Panchayat — medical and hospital (C)

verbatim

50% coverage in Category I and 45% in Category II. FSI 2.5 in both, rising to 3.5 in Category I on payment.

KPBR 2019, Rule 27 Table 6, Sr. 4 · Institutional
Ground coverage (%) 50
Base FAR 2.5
Premium FAR (max) 1

Panchayat — assembly (D)

verbatim

40% coverage and FSI 1.5 in Category I, up to 2.5 on payment. In Category II, 35% coverage and FSI 0.7 rising to 1.25 — the lowest base FSI anywhere in either Kerala code.

KPBR 2019, Rule 27 Table 6, Sr. 5 · Assembly
Ground coverage (%) 40
Base FAR 1.5
Premium FAR (max) 1

Panchayat — office (E)

verbatim

60% coverage in Category I and 50% in Category II. FSI 3 in both, rising to 4 in Category I on payment.

KPBR 2019, Rule 27 Table 6, Sr. 6 · Commercial
Ground coverage (%) 60
Base FAR 3
Premium FAR (max) 1

Panchayat — mercantile and commercial (F)

verbatim

65% coverage and FSI 3 in Category I, up to 4 on payment. Category II: 60% coverage, FSI 2.75 rising to 3.5.

KPBR 2019, Rule 27 Table 6, Sr. 7 · Commercial
Ground coverage (%) 65
Base FAR 3
Premium FAR (max) 1

Panchayat — storage (H)

verbatim

70% coverage in Category I — the largest footprint the table allows — and 65% in Category II. FSI 3 rising to 4 in Category I; 2.75 rising to 3.75 in Category II.

KPBR 2019, Rule 27 Table 6, Sr. 10 · Storage
Ground coverage (%) 70
Base FAR 3
Premium FAR (max) 1

Panchayat — hazardous (I)

verbatim

45% coverage in Category I and 40% in Category II, with FSI 2 in both and no additional-fee FSI. Note the panchayat FSI of 2 is higher than the municipal figure of 1.2 for the same occupancy.

KPBR 2019, Rule 27 Table 6, Sr. 11 · Hazardous
Ground coverage (%) 45
Base FAR 2

Panchayat — multiplex complex (J)

verbatim

65% coverage and FSI 3 in Category I, up to 3.5 on payment. Category II: 60% coverage, FSI 2.5 rising to 3.

KPBR 2019, Rule 27 Table 6, Sr. 12 · Commercial
Ground coverage (%) 65
Base FAR 3
Premium FAR (max) 0.5

What the coverage figure actually limits

verbatim

The maximum permissible coverage limits the area covered by the building at any storey, fully or partly above ground level, after accounting for the exterior open spaces — front, sides and rear — and the interior open spaces. It is not simply the ground-floor footprint.

KPBR 2019, Rule 27, note (i)

Coverage and FSI, educational up to higher secondary (B) — 40%

verbatim

Maximum coverage 40%. FSI 2.5 without additional fee, or 3 on payment of the additional fee of Rs 5,000 per m² for the additional area. Coverage rose from 35% in October 2025.

KMBR 2019, rule 27(2) TABLE 6 Sr. 3, as substituted 29.10.2025 · Institutional
Ground coverage (%) 40

Coverage and FSI, industrial-I (G1) — 65%

verbatim

Maximum coverage 65%. FSI 3.5 without additional fee, 4.5 at Rs 5,000 per m², and 5 at Rs 7,500 per m² for the additional area. Coverage rose from 60% in October 2025.

KMBR 2019, rule 27(2) TABLE 6 Sr. 9, as substituted 29.10.2025 · Industrial
Ground coverage (%) 65

Coverage and FSI, industrial-II (G2) — 65%

verbatim

Maximum coverage 65%. FSI 2.5 without additional fee, 4 at Rs 5,000 per m², and 5 at Rs 7,500 per m². Coverage rose from 40% to 65% in October 2025 — the sharpest change in the table.

KMBR 2019, rule 27(2) TABLE 6 Sr. 10, as substituted 29.10.2025 · Industrial
Ground coverage (%) 65

Coverage and FSI, industrial-III (G3) — a new class

verbatim

Maximum coverage 75%, FSI 2.5, with no additional-fee option. G3 did not exist as a separate row in the 2019 table and takes the highest coverage of any occupancy in Kerala.

KMBR 2019, rule 27(2) TABLE 6 Sr. 11, as substituted 29.10.2025 · Industrial
Ground coverage (%) 75

Coverage and FSI, assembly D1 — a new class

verbatim

Maximum coverage 70%, FSI 1.5 with or without the additional fee. Assembly D1 is a new row separate from Assembly D, which stays at 40% coverage and FSI 1.5 rising to 2.5 with the fee.

KMBR 2019, rule 27(2) TABLE 6 Sr. 6, as substituted 29.10.2025
Ground coverage (%) 70

Panchayat — industrial-I (G1), 65% in Category I

verbatim

Coverage 65% in a Category I panchayat and 55% in Category II. FSI 3.5 in Category I and 2.75 in Category II, with no additional-fee option in either. Category I coverage rose from 60% in October 2025.

KPBR 2019, rule 27(2) TABLE 6 Sr. 9, as substituted 29.10.2025 · Industrial
Ground coverage (%) 65

Panchayat — industrial-II (G2), 65% in Category I

verbatim

Coverage 65% in a Category I panchayat and 50% in Category II. FSI 3 in Category I and 2.5 in Category II. Category I coverage rose from 40% to 65% — the same sharp move the municipal rules made on the same day.

KPBR 2019, rule 27(2) TABLE 6 Sr. 10, as substituted 29.10.2025 · Industrial
Ground coverage (%) 65

Panchayat — industrial-III (G3), a new class at 75%

verbatim

Coverage 75% in both Category I and Category II panchayats, with no FSI figure stated in either category. G3 did not exist as a separate row before October 2025.

KPBR 2019, rule 27(2) TABLE 6 Sr. 11, as substituted 29.10.2025 · Industrial
Ground coverage (%) 75

Panchayat — assembly D1, a new class at 70%

verbatim

Coverage 70% in both categories, FSI 1.5 in both, with no additional-fee option. Assembly D1 is separate from Assembly D, which takes 40% in Category I and 35% in Category II.

KPBR 2019, rule 27(2) TABLE 6 Sr. 6, as substituted 29.10.2025
Ground coverage (%) 70
Work it out for your own plot

Permissible floor area, coverage and height for your plot — straight from the HP slabs.

FAR & ground coverage calculator →
Sources on this page
  • KMBR 2019, Rule 1(2)
  • KMBR 2019, Rule 27(2) Table 6, Sr. 1
  • KMBR 2019, Rule 27(2) Table 6, Sr. 2
  • KMBR 2019, Rule 27(2) Table 6, Sr. 3
  • KMBR 2019, Rule 27(2) Table 6, Sr. 4
  • KMBR 2019, Rule 27(2) Table 6, Sr. 5
  • KMBR 2019, Rule 27(2) Table 6, Sr. 6
  • KMBR 2019, Rule 27(2) Table 6, Sr. 7
  • KMBR 2019, Rule 27(2) Table 6, Sr. 10
  • KMBR 2019, Rule 27(2) Table 6, Sr. 11
  • KMBR 2019, Rule 27(2) Table 6, Sr. 12
  • KMBR 2019, Rule 27(1) Note (1)
  • KPBR 2019, Rule 1(2) and Rule 4(6)
  • KPBR 2019, Rule 27 Table 6, Sr. 1
  • KPBR 2019, Rule 27 Table 6, Sr. 2
  • KPBR 2019, Rule 27 Table 6, Sr. 3
  • KPBR 2019, Rule 27 Table 6, Sr. 4
  • KPBR 2019, Rule 27 Table 6, Sr. 5
  • KPBR 2019, Rule 27 Table 6, Sr. 6
  • KPBR 2019, Rule 27 Table 6, Sr. 7
  • KPBR 2019, Rule 27 Table 6, Sr. 10
  • KPBR 2019, Rule 27 Table 6, Sr. 11
  • KPBR 2019, Rule 27 Table 6, Sr. 12
  • KPBR 2019, Rule 27, note (i)
  • KMBR 2019, rule 27(2) TABLE 6 Sr. 3, as substituted 29.10.2025
  • KMBR 2019, rule 27(2) TABLE 6 Sr. 9, as substituted 29.10.2025
  • KMBR 2019, rule 27(2) TABLE 6 Sr. 10, as substituted 29.10.2025
  • KMBR 2019, rule 27(2) TABLE 6 Sr. 11, as substituted 29.10.2025
  • KMBR 2019, rule 27(2) TABLE 6 Sr. 6, as substituted 29.10.2025
  • KPBR 2019, rule 27(2) TABLE 6 Sr. 9, as substituted 29.10.2025
  • KPBR 2019, rule 27(2) TABLE 6 Sr. 10, as substituted 29.10.2025
  • KPBR 2019, rule 27(2) TABLE 6 Sr. 11, as substituted 29.10.2025
  • KPBR 2019, rule 27(2) TABLE 6 Sr. 6, as substituted 29.10.2025

Official text: Kerala Municipality Building Rules, 2019 ↗

Spotted something wrong?

Rules change and we would rather hear it from you than have somebody build to a stale number. No account needed.

Measure your plot first

Trace your tatima to get the real area, side lengths and a dimensioned plan. Automatic compliance checking runs on Himachal rules today — for Kerala the 64 rules published here are the reference, and the check is yours to make.

Trace your tatima → All Kerala rules →
Ask AI

Nothing matched in the rulebook — try other words (parking, height, fire, setback, water…).

looking it up…

Answers come straight from the building rules for 12 states we cover, plus the glossary and calculators — each with its citation.